Table 4

Bivariate analysis of risk factors for in-hospital mortality

Factor
Nonsurvivors (n = 52)
Survivors (n = 172)
RR (95% CI)
P

Sex


0.46 (0.28–0.74)
0.007
     Male
21 (40.4)
106 (61.6)


     Female
31 (59.6)
66 (38.4)


Age (years)a
61.5 (47.2–71.7)
67 (56.5–75.7)

0.09
Hepatic cirrhosis
5 (9.6)
9 (5.2)
1.93 (0.48–6.75)
0.32
Immunosuppression
5 (9.6)
4 (2.3)
4.47 (0.91–23.25)
0.03
COPD
5 (9.6)
17 (9.9)
0.97 (0.27–2.93)
0.95
End-stage renal disease
5 (9.6)
7 (4.1)
2.51 (0.6–9.62)
0.15
Chronic cardiac failure
2 (3.8)
3 (1.7)
2.25 (0.18–20.16)
0.33
Diabetes mellitus
13 (25)
44 (25.6)
0.97 (0.45–2.09)
0.93
Noncured malignancy
8 (15.4)
4 (2.3)
1.92 (7.64–35.84)
0.001
Alcoholism
5(9.6)
18 (10.5)
0.91 (0.25–2.73)
0.86
Smoking habit
8 (15.4)
41 (23.8)
0.65 (0.33–1.29)
0.25
APACHE IIa
18.5 (14–23.75)
12 (8–17)

<0.001
APACHE II admission ICUa,b
22.5 (18–26)
15.5 (10–19.75)

<0.001
SOFA (1)a,c
6 (3–11)
3 (1–7)

<0.001
SOFA admission ICUa,b
10.5 (6.75–14)
6 (3–9.25)

<0.001
Bacteraemia
13 (25)
43 (25)
1 (0.46–2.16)
1
Site of infection
     Urologic
4 (7.7)
30 (17.5)
0.39 (0.1–1.21)

     Central nervous system
3 (5.7)
10 (5.8)
0.75 (0.13–2.84)

     Other
0 (0)
4 (2.3)
0 (0–5.04)

     Soft tissue
3 (5.8)
14 (8.1)
0.69 (0.12–2.63)

     Abdomen
23 (44.2)
59 (34.3)
1.52 (0.77–2.99)

     Unknown
4 (7.7)
5 (2.9)
2.78 (0.53–13.42)

     Lung
15 (28.8)
50 (29.1)
0.67 (0.32–1.37)

Genotype
     -308 TNF-α promoter polymorphism


1.28 (0.49–3.46)
0.59
          GG
45 (86.5)
141 (82%)


          GA/AA
7 (13.5)
31 (18)


     TNF-β (NcoI polymorphism)


0.74 (0.37–1.5)
0.37
          GG/GA
17 (33.7)
68 (39.6)


          AA
35 (67.3)
104 (60.4)


     IL-10-1082


0.7 (0.22–1.88)
0.42
          GG
6 (11.6)
27 (15.7)


          GA/AA
46 (88.4)
145 (84.3)


     Genotype -308 TNF GA/AA, TNF-β AA, IL-10-1082 GG


0.92 (0.45–1.84)
0.8
          Yes
18 (34.1)
63 (36.6)


          No
34 (65.4)
109 (63.4)


Empirical antibiotic therapy



<0.001
     Adequate
24 (46.1)
118 (68.6)
0.39 (0.20–0.77)

     Inadequate
12 (23.1)
4 (2.3)
12.6 (3.53–55.57)

     Not evaluable
16 (30.8)
50 (29.1)
1.08 (0.52–2.24)

Delayed surgical interventiona,d
16 (7–36)
12.5 (8–24)

0.77
Delayed of AATa
7 (4–28)
5 (3–10)

0.008

Unless otherwise stated, values are expressed as n (%). aResults expressed as median (25th to 75th percentiles). bOnly 178 patients were admitted to the ICU. c SOFA (1) means SOFA score in the first 24 hours in the hospital. dOnly in 'surgical patients' (n = 93). AAT, appropriate antibiotic therapy; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, intensive care unit; RR, relative risk; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.

Garnacho-Montero et al. Critical Care 2006 10:R111   doi:10.1186/cc4995