Figure 1.

Pathophysiologic mechanisms and predisposing factors thought to underlie critical illness-associated cognitive dysfunction [5, 14, 15]. Apo, apolipoprotein; HIV, human immunodeficiiency virus; 5-HT, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine); GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; NE, norepinephrine (noradrenaline).