Table 1

Homogeneity of the groups for pre- and intra-operative variables

Variable
Control group
MICPB group
P value


n = 1,663
n = 1,663


Age (years)
67.9 ± 9.5
67.9 ± 9.2
NS
Weight (kg)
73.5 ± 12
73.7 ± 14
NS
Height (cm)
167 ± 8.6
167 ± 9.8
NS
Ejection fraction
0.50 ± 0.11
0.50 ± 0.11
NS
Serum creatinine level (mg/dl)
1.31 ± 0.7
1.28 ± 0.8
NS
Serum bilirubin level (mg/dl)
0.63 ± 0.38
0.61 ± 0.36
NS
Hematocrit (percentage)
39.2 ± 4.6
39.2 ± 4.4
NS
Priming volume (ml)
874 ± 190
771 ± 134
0.001
CPB duration (minutes)
60.9 ± 25
59.8 ± 21
NS
Aortic cross-clamping time (minutes)
34.4 ± 13
34.6 ± 13
NS
Lowest hematocrit on CPB (percentage)
26.2 ± 3.9
27 ± 3.7
0.001
Lowest temperature on CPB (°C)
33 ± 1.6
32.9 ± 1.4
NS
Total heparin dose (IU)
26,733 ± 32,159
23,590 ± 30,421
0.004
Total protamine dose (mg)
221 ± 58
162 ± 58
0.001
Distal coronary anastomoses
3.26 ± 0.95
3.37 ± 0.98
NS
Gender male
1,311 (78%)
1,322 (79.5%)
NS
Recent myocardial infarction
96 (5.8%)
107 (6.4%)
NS
Unstable angina
240 (14.4%)
203 (12.2%)
NS
Antiplatelet agents
350 (21%)
338 (20.3%)
NS
Previous vascular surgery
93 (5.6%)
93 (5.6%)
NS
Congestive heart failure
40 (2.4%)
38 (2.3%)
NS
Preoperative IABP use
10 (0.6%)
11 (0.6%)
NS
COPD
145 (8.7%)
151 (9.1%)
NS
Cerebrovascular accident
104 (6.2%)
91 (5.5%)
NS
Diabetes on medication
312 (18.7%)
344 (20.1%)
NS
Chronic renal failure
40 (2.4%)
38 (2.3%)
NS
Redo operation
45 (2.7%)
40 (2.4%)
NS
Emergency procedure
13 (0.8%)
9 (0.5%)
NS

CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; MICPB, minimally invasive cardiopulmonary bypass; NS, not significant.

Ranucci and Isgrò Critical Care 2007 11:R45   doi:10.1186/cc5777