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Characteristics of patients receiving DrotAA compared with control patients |
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| Characteristic |
All admissions receiving DrotAA (n = 1,292) |
Admissions with severe sepsis and ≥2 organ systems failing receiving DrotAA (N = 1,079) |
Admissions with severe sepsis and ≥2 organ systems failing not receiving DrotAA (n = 15,939) |
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| Age (years; mean ± SD) |
58.8 ± 16.0 |
59.1 ± 16.1 |
63.3 ± 17.2 |
| Sex (n [%]) |
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| Female |
638 (49.4) |
535 (49.6) |
7,333 (46.0) |
| Male |
654 (50.6) |
544 (50.4) |
8,604 (54.0) |
| Mechanical ventilation on admission or during first 24 hours of stay in critical care (n [%]) |
1,163 (90.0) |
998 (92.5) |
12,060 (75.7) |
| APACHE II score (mean ± SD) |
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| Acute physiology score |
18.2 (6.5) |
18.8 (6.4) |
16.0 (6.5) |
| Score |
21.9 (6.9) |
22.6 (6.7) |
20.7 (7.2) |
| ICNARC model physiology score (mean ± SD) |
29.1 (9.0) |
30.4 (8.4) |
24.9 (9.4) |
| Serious conditions in past medical historya (n [%]) |
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| Liver |
10 (0.8) |
9 (0.8) |
384 (2.4) |
| Cardiovascular |
5 (0.4) |
5 (0.5) |
263 (1.7) |
| Respiratory |
23 (1.8) |
23 (2.1) |
630 (4.0) |
| Renal |
14 (1.1) |
12 (1.1) |
315 (2.0) |
| Immunosuppressed |
92 (7.1) |
78 (7.2) |
1,545 (9.7) |
| Admission typeb (n [%]) |
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| Medical |
939 (72.7) |
789 (73.1) |
11,375 (71.4) |
| Elective surgical |
56 (4.3) |
32 (3.0) |
819 (5.1) |
| Emergency surgical |
297 (23.0) |
258 (23.9) |
3,745 (23.5) |
| Organ systems failing during first 24 hours of stay in critical care (n [%]) |
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| Cardiovascular |
1,235 (95.6) |
1,070 (99.2) |
15,136 (95.0) |
| Respiratory |
1,166 (90.3) |
1,005 (93.1) |
13,722 (86.1) |
| Renal |
480 (37.7) |
427 (40.0) |
4,274 (27.1) |
| Haematological |
229 (17.7) |
199 (18.4) |
2,290 (14.4) |
| Metabolic acidosis |
990 (76.6) |
872 (80.8) |
9,674 (60.7) |
| Number of organ systems failing during first 24 hours of stay in critical care (n [%]) |
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| <2 |
60 (4.7) |
N/A |
N/A |
| 2 |
238 (18.4) |
198 (18.4) |
6,809 (42.7) |
| 3 |
498 (38.5) |
433 (40.1) |
5,664 (35.5) |
| 4 |
398 (30.8) |
362 (33.6) |
2,844 (17.8) |
| 5 |
98 (7.6) |
86 (8.0) |
622 (3.9) |
| Primary site of infectionc (n [%]) |
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| Lung |
495 (41.9) |
423 (42.8) |
N/R |
| Abdomen |
478 (40.4) |
390 (39.5) |
N/R |
| Urinary tract |
57 (4.8) |
51 (5.2) |
N/R |
| Other |
158 (13.4) |
131 (13.3) |
N/R |
| Positive blood cultured (n [%]) |
438 (40.3) |
381 (42.1) |
N/R |
| Organisms cultured (n [%]) |
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| Any |
814 (64.6) |
692 (65.8) |
N/R |
| Gram-negative |
399 (49.0) |
331 (47.8) |
N/R |
| Gram-positive |
437 (53.7) |
382 (55.2) |
N/R |
| Fungus |
101 (12.4) |
81 (11.7) |
N/R |
| Deaths within 96 hours of unit admission (n [%]) |
166 (12.9) |
151 (14.0) |
3,315 (20.8) |
| Mortality (deaths [%]) |
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| Unit |
449 (34.8) |
385 (35.7) |
5,404 (33.9) |
| Hospitale |
567 (45.0) |
484 (45.4) |
7,438 (46.7) |
| Location at 28-days (n [%]) |
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| Died |
463 (35.8) |
398 (36.9) |
6,541 (41.0) |
| Unit |
240 (18.6) |
177 (16.4) |
888 (5.6) |
| Hospital |
363 (28.1) |
312 (28.9) |
3,865 (24.3) |
| Out of Hospitale |
226 (17.5) |
192 (17.8) |
4,645 (29.1) |
| Unit length of stay (days; median [IQR]) |
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| Unit survivors |
14.2 (8.1–24.9) |
13.8 (8.0–23.2) |
5.0 (2.2–11.0) |
| Unit nonsurvivors |
7.2 (2.3–16.3) |
6.4 (2.0–15.6) |
2.5 (1.0–7.4) |
| Hospital length of stay (days; median [IQR])f |
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| Hospital survivors |
44 (25–69) |
44 (24–66) |
29 (16–52) |
| Hospital nonsurvivors |
15 (6–31) |
14 (5–28) |
11 (4–25) |
| Destination following discharge from hospital housing critical care unit (n [%]) |
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| Another acute hospital |
41 (6.5) |
29 (5.5) |
537 (6.8) |
| Hospice or equivalent |
8 (1.3) |
8 (1.5) |
40 (0.5) |
| Long-term institutional care |
13 (2.0) |
12 (2.3) |
126 (1.6) |
| Rehabilitation unit |
43 (6.8) |
35 (6.6) |
549 (7.0) |
| Normal residence |
531 (83.5) |
446 (84.2) |
6,652 (84.2) |
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aFourteen (1.1%) admissions had no evidence to assess past medical history. Evidence defined as follows, during prior 6 months (except those terms highlighted with asterisk, which are not restricted to the preceding 6 months): liver (biopsy proven cirrhosis, portal hypertension, hepatic encephalopathy); cardiovascular (very severe cardiovascular disease [New York Heart Association functional classification IV]); respiratory (severe respiratory disease [shortness of breath with light activity, for example walking 20 m on level ground], home ventilation); renal (chronic renal replacement therapy for irreversible renal disease); immunosuppressed (AIDS*, steroid treatment [daily], radiotherapy, chemotherapy, metastatic disease, acute myelogenous/lymphocytic leukaemia or multiple myeloma, chronic myelogenous/lymphocytic leukaemia, lymphoma, congenital immunohumoral or cellular immune deficiency state*). bSurgical admissions are defined as those admitted directly to the unit from theatre and recovery. cPrimary site of infection was not reported for 110 (8.5%) admissions. dA blood culture was reported as not done for 181 (14.0%) admissions. eDischarged alive from acute hospital at or before 28 days. fExcluding readmissions within the same hospital stay. APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; DrotAA, Drotrecogin alfa (activated); ICNARC, Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation. | |||
Rowan et al. Critical Care 2008 12:R58 doi:10.1186/cc6879 |
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