Table 4 |
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|
Characteristics of ICU survivors and non-survivors (univariate analysis). |
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|
Characteristics |
ICU Survivors (n = 18,298) |
ICU Non-survivors (n = 4005) |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
p |
||
|
|
||||||
|
n |
% |
N |
% |
|||
|
|
||||||
|
Male gender |
11,265 |
61.6 |
2441 |
60.9 |
0.97 (0.91 to 1.05) |
0.48 |
|
Mean age in years (95% CI) |
60.3 (60.1 to 60.6) |
63.5 (63.0 to 63.95) |
< 0.0001 |
|||
|
Median APACHE II score at admission to ICU (range) |
13 (0 to 49) |
21 (0 to 52) |
< 0.0001 |
|||
|
Median SOFA score on admission to ICU (range) |
5 (0 to 20) |
8 (0 to 22) |
< 0.0001 |
|||
|
Degree of maximum renal dysfunction |
||||||
|
No AKI |
12,857 |
70.3 |
1,548 |
38.7 |
0.55 (0.53 to 0.57) |
< 0.0001 |
|
AKI I |
3403 |
18.6 |
856 |
21.4 |
1.15 (1.08 to 1.23) |
< 0.0001 |
|
AKI II |
635 |
3.5 |
222 |
5.5 |
1.60 (1.38 to 1.85) |
< 0.0001 |
|
AKI III |
1403 |
7.7 |
1379 |
34.4 |
4.49 (4.20 to 4.80) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Type of admission |
||||||
|
Non-surgical |
9236 |
50.5 |
2873 |
71.7 |
2.49 (2.31 to 2.68) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Elective surgery |
6328 |
34.6 |
477 |
11.9 |
0.26 (0.23 to 0.28) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Emergency surgery |
2734 |
14.9 |
655 |
16.4 |
1.11 (1.01 to 1.22) |
0.026 |
|
Source of admission |
||||||
|
Operating room |
8561 |
46.8 |
1072 |
26.8 |
||
|
Emergency room |
3413 |
18.7 |
750 |
18.7 |
||
|
Ward (including HDU) |
3845 |
21.0 |
1574 |
39.3 |
||
|
Hospital transfers |
1894 |
10.4 |
531 |
13.3 |
||
|
Recovery room |
543 |
3.0 |
62 |
1.5 |
||
|
Other |
42 |
0.2 |
16 |
0.4 |
||
|
Chronic end-stage diseases |
||||||
|
Present |
3225 |
17.6 |
1,148 |
28.7 |
1.88 (1.74 to 2.03) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Haemoglobin on admission to ICU |
||||||
|
Haemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dl |
15,846 |
86.6 |
3238 |
80.8 |
||
|
Haemoglobin < 9 g/dl |
2452 |
13.4 |
767 |
19.2 |
1.53 (1.40 to 1.67) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Cardiac surgery * |
||||||
|
Admission post cardiac surgery |
2507 |
13.7 |
244 |
6.1 |
0.41 (0.36 to 0.47) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Mechanical ventilation |
||||||
|
Ventilated |
11,274 |
61.6 |
3658 |
91.3 |
6.57 (5.86 to 7.36) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Renal replacement therapy |
||||||
|
RRT for AKI |
848 |
4.6 |
999 |
24.9 |
5.38 (4.94 to 5.86) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Number of failed organs on day of admission to ICU |
||||||
|
0 failed organ |
9210 |
50.3 |
704 |
17.6 |
0.21 (0.19 to 0.23) |
< 0.0001 |
|
1 failed organ |
6561 |
35.9 |
1455 |
36.3 |
1.02 (0.95 to 1.10) |
0.58 |
|
2 failed organs |
2068 |
11.3 |
1164 |
29.1 |
3.22 (2.96 to 3.49) |
< 0.0001 |
|
≥ 3 failed organs |
459 |
2.5 |
682 |
17.0 |
7.98 (7.05 to 9.03) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Maximum number of associated organ failures during entire ICU stay (including AKI) |
||||||
|
0 failed organ |
5653 |
30.9 |
96 |
2.4 |
0.05 (0.04 to 0.07) |
< 0.0001 |
|
1 failed organ |
6110 |
33.4 |
459 |
11.5 |
0.26 (0.23 to 0.29) |
< 0.0001 |
|
2 failed organs |
4053 |
22.1 |
993 |
24.8 |
1.16 (1.07 to 1.26) |
0.0003 |
|
3 failed organs |
1933 |
10.6 |
1350 |
33.7 |
4.31 (3.97 to 4.67) |
< 0.0001 |
|
> 3 failed organs |
549 |
3.0 |
1107 |
27.6 |
12.35 (11.07 to 13.78) |
< 0.0001 |
|
|
||||||
|
* coronary artery bypass surgery and/or valve surgery. AKI = acute kidney injury; APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; CI = confidence interval; HDU = high dependency unit; ICU = intensive care unit; RRT = renal replacement therapy; SOFA score = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. |
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|
Ostermann et al. Critical Care 2008 12:R144 doi:10.1186/cc7123 |
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