Table 2

Monocyte and dendritic cell subsets

Monocyte or dendritic cell subset

Surface marker expression

Properties

Classical monocytes

CD14^brightCD16^negative

Majority of circulating monocytes [27-29]⁹

Inflammatory monocytes

CD14^brightCD16^positive

Produce high level of proinflammatory cytokines, increased in sepsis [27-29]

Dendritic cell-like monocytes

CD14^dimCD16^positive

Morphological and functional similarities to dendritic cells [42,43]

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells

lin1 ^-CD123⁺HLA-DR⁺

Produce high level of IFNα in response to viruses [31-35]

Myeloid dendritic cells

lin1 ^-CD33⁺HLA-DR⁺

Potent antigen-presenting cells [31-35]

lin1, lineage marker.

Poehlmann et al. Critical Care 2009 13:R119   doi:10.1186/cc7969