Table 1 |
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|
Selected biomarker studies and disease association studies in Critical Care (2008) |
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| Molecule |
Reference |
Number studied |
Patient type or animal model |
Main findings |
|
|
||||
| sTREM |
Huh and colleagues [10] |
80 |
VAP patients |
sTREM in BAL fluid was highest in bacterial infection patients, high in viral/mycobacterial
pneumonia patients and low in noninfected patients |
| Eosinopenia |
Abidi and colleagues [11] |
198 |
Sepsis patients |
Low eosinophil levels discriminate infection from noninfectious inflammation and are
comparable with PCT and CRP as predictors |
| Gelsolin |
Wang and colleagues [12] |
91 |
Surgical patients |
Gelsolin is an actin scavenger, and reduced levels of gelsolin are associated with
worsening sepsis |
| Kerbs von Lungren 6 |
Nathani and colleagues [13] |
42 |
ARDS and at-risk patients |
Kerbs von Lungren 6 is an alveolar type 2 cell marker associated with increased risk
of ARDS |
| Copeptin |
Seligman and colleagues [14] |
71 |
VAP patients |
Copeptin is a derivative of preproAVP and a strong predictor of mortality in VAP |
| Protein disulfide isomerase |
Zhou and colleagues [15] |
30 |
CLP or LPS-treated rats |
PDI suppresses TNF gene expression in septic states; reduced PDI upregulates TNF |
| Bim and Bid gene expression |
Weber and colleagues [16] |
37 |
Septic patients |
Bim and Bid proapoptotic genes are strongly upregulated in sepsis and lymphocyte depletion |
| Endothelin-1 |
Trachsel and colleagues [17] |
28 |
LPS-treated pigs |
Endothelin-1 levels correlate with pulmonary hypertension and responsiveness to inhaled
nitric oxide |
| Reactive oxygen species |
Martins and colleagues [18] |
41 |
Septic patients |
ROS are upregulated in myeloid cells and are correlated with adverse outcome |
| Akt and ERK1/2 |
Li and colleagues [19] |
77 |
C57/BL6 mice |
Akt and ERK1/2 mediate in part pulmonary injury/fibrosis from high tidal volume ventilation |
|
|
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|
Akt, serine/threonine kinase B; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; AVP, arginine vasopressin; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; CRP, C-reactive protein; ERK1/2, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2b; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PCT, procalcitonin; PDI, protein disulfide isomerase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; sTREM, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia. |
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|
Opal and LaRosa Critical Care 2009 13:224 doi:10.1186/cc7945 |
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