Table 1 |
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Table of biomarkers |
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Widely available biomarkers |
Potential future biomarkers |
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Biomarkers of inflammation |
Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
IL-1β |
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Lactate |
IL-6 |
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IL-10 |
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Biomarkers of coagulation |
Activated partial thromboplastin time |
Protein C |
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Platelets |
D-dimer |
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Fibrinogen |
Thrombin-antithrombin complexes |
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation scores |
Prothrombin fragment 1.2 |
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Activated partial thromboplastin time waveform analysis |
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Biomarkers of infection |
C-reactive protein |
Adrenomedullin |
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Procalcitonin |
Pro-adrenomedullin |
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Blood urea nitrogen |
B-type natriuretic peptide |
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Leukocytes |
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1) |
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Endotoxin |
High mobility group box-1 |
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PCR |
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Biomarkers of stress |
Cortisol |
Copeptin |
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Christ-Crain and Opal Critical Care 2010 14:203 doi:10.1186/cc8155 |
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