Table 4 |
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|
Characteristics of the 56 patients included in the matched case-control analysis |
|||
|
Smokers (n = 31) |
Nonsmokers (n = 31) |
P Value |
|
|
|
|||
|
Age,$ years |
56 (51-64) |
58 (55-66) |
NA |
|
Male gender,$ n (%) |
30 (97) |
30 (97) |
NA |
|
Medical origin, n (%) |
26 (84) |
23 (74) |
0.5 |
|
Source, admission from the ward, n (%) |
6 (19) |
8 (26) |
0.8 |
|
Comorbidities, n (%) |
|||
|
Hypertension |
5 (16) |
8 (26) |
0.5 |
|
Alcoholism |
20 (65) |
20 (65) |
NA |
|
Psychotropic drug use |
10 (32) |
7 (23) |
0.6 |
|
Tobacco dependency |
|||
|
Pack-years |
31 (22-39) |
NA |
|
|
Fagerström score |
6 (3.5-6.5) |
NA |
|
|
Score ≤4 (weak dependence), n (%) |
13 (42) |
||
|
Score >4 (strong dependence), n (%) |
18 (64) |
||
|
Primary diagnosis,$ n (%) |
|||
|
Cardiac disease |
1 (4) |
4 (13) |
|
|
Respiratory disease |
11 (35) |
13 (42) |
0.2 |
|
Septic shock |
10 (32) |
7 (23) |
|
|
Neurologic disease |
2 (6) |
2 (6) |
|
|
Surgery |
1 (4) |
4 (13) |
|
|
Other |
6 (19) |
1 (4) |
|
|
SAPS II |
48 (38-59) |
51 (40-61) |
0.8 |
|
SOFA |
8 (5-10) |
8 (6-11) |
0.4 |
|
Vasopressor, n (%) |
23 (74) |
20 (65) |
0.6 |
|
Body temperature >38.5°C, n (%) |
13 (42) |
16 (52) |
0.6 |
|
NIV, n (%) |
10 (32) |
9 (29) |
0.9 |
|
Failure of NIV, n (% of NIV) |
7 (70) |
7 (78) |
0.9 |
|
PaO2/FiO2 ratio |
205 (165-260) |
189 (146-255) |
0.6 |
|
Sedation-analgesia |
|||
|
Number of days/patient with Ramsay score ≥4 |
3 (2-5) |
3 (2-6) |
0.5 |
|
Sedation-free days, days |
1 (0-4) |
3 (0-6) |
0.2 |
|
Total dose of midazolam (mg/kg)§ |
2 (0-11) |
2 (0-8) |
0.8 |
|
Total dose of propofol (mg/kg)§ |
48 (11-130) |
7 (0-89) |
0.3 |
|
Total dose of sufentanyl (μg/kg)§ |
13 (2-24) |
10 (2-45) |
0.7 |
|
At least one event of agitation,* n (%) |
25 (80) |
13 (42) |
0.004 |
|
At least one event of delirium, n (%) |
11 (35) |
7 (23) |
0.4 |
|
ICU LOS, days |
13 (6-23) |
15 (7-30) |
0.9 |
|
ICU mortality, n (%) |
5 (16) |
8 (26) |
0.5 |
|
|
|||
|
Results are expressed as number (%) or median (interquartile range) when appropriate. $Matched variables. §Total dose of sedatives and analgesics administered during ICU stay, taking into account the extra doses needed to abort the episodes of agitation/delirium. Abbreviations: NA = not attributable; SAPS II = Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; NIV = noninvasive ventilation; ICU = intensive care unit; LOS = length of stay. |
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|
Lucidarme et al. Critical Care 2010 14:R58 doi:10.1186/cc8954 |
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