Table 1 |
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|
Patient characteristics, by sepsis severity (n = 107) |
|||
|
Patient characteristic |
All |
Severe sepsis |
Septic shock |
|
(n = 107) |
(n = 33) |
(n = 74) |
|
|
|
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|
Demographics |
|||
|
Age in years, mean ± SD |
59 ± 17.5 |
55 ± 20 |
61 ± 16 |
|
Male/Female |
62/45 |
20/13 |
42/32 |
|
Admission categories |
|||
|
Medical |
72 (67%) |
24 (73%) |
48 (65%) |
|
Scheduled surgery |
4 (4%) |
0 (0%) |
4 (5%) |
|
Unscheduled surgery |
31 (29%) |
9 (27%) |
22 (30%) |
|
Origin |
|||
|
Community (home/emergency room) |
61 (57%) |
18 (54.5%) |
43 (58.1%) |
|
Nosocomial (hospital transfer) |
46 (43%) |
15 (45.5%) |
31 (41.9%) |
|
Referral from other hospital |
20 (18.7%) |
5 (15.2%) |
15 (20.3%) |
|
Operating room |
3 (2.8%) |
1 (3%) |
2 (2.7%) |
|
Ward |
14 (13.1%) |
6 (18.2%) |
8 (10.8%) |
|
Intermediate care |
9 (8.4%) |
3 (9.1%) |
6 (8.1%) |
|
Severe comorbidities |
|||
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
17 (15.8%) |
5 (15.1%) |
12 (16.2%) |
|
Cardiac insufficiency |
16 (15%) |
2 (6%) |
14 (18.9%) |
|
Cirrhosis |
8 (7.5%) |
1 (3%) |
7 (9.5%) |
|
End-stage renal disease |
15 (14%) |
3 (9%) |
12 (16.2%) |
|
Immunodeficiencya |
13 (12.1%) |
2 (6%) |
11 (14.9%) |
|
Insulin-dependent diabetes |
6 (5.6%) |
1 (3%) |
5 (6.7%) |
|
Score, mean ± SD |
|||
|
APACHE II |
30 ± 8 |
27 ± 86 |
31 ± 8 |
|
SAPS II |
71 ± 17 |
65 ± 16 |
74 ± 17 |
|
SAPS III |
76 ± 18 |
67 ± 21 |
80 ± 15 |
|
SOFA (day 1) |
11 ± 3 |
11 ± 3 |
11 ± 3 |
|
McCabe score |
|||
|
Non-fatal |
63 (59%) |
22 (66.6%) |
41 (55%) |
|
Ultimately fatal (< 5 years) |
30 (28%) |
7 (21.2%) |
23 (31%) |
|
Rapid fatal (< 6 months) |
14 (13%) |
4 (12.2%) |
10 (14%) |
|
Infection sites |
|||
|
Pulmonary |
37 (34.5%) |
14 (42.4%) |
23 (31%) |
|
Abdominal |
38 (36%) |
7 (21.2%) |
31 (41.9%) |
|
Bloodstream |
7 (6.5%) |
4 (12.1%) |
3 (4.1%) |
|
CNS and ENT |
5 (4.6%) |
2 (6.1%) |
3 (4.1%) |
|
Urinary tract |
5 (4.6%) |
2 (6.1%) |
3 (4.1%) |
|
Soft tissues |
13 (12%) |
4 (12.1%) |
9 (12.1%) |
|
Miscellaneous |
2 (1.8%) |
0 (0%) |
2 (2.7%) |
|
Microbiology |
|||
|
Gram-positive (number of positive blood cultures) |
41 (38.3%) |
17 (51.5%) |
24 (32.4%) |
|
Staphylococcus aureus (8) |
8 (7.5%) |
5 (15.1%) |
3 (4.1%) |
|
Streptococcus pyogenes (2) |
10 (9.3%) |
2 (6.1%) |
8 (10.8%) |
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae (8) |
20 (18.7%) |
8 (24.2%) |
12 (16.1%) |
|
Other (2) |
3 (2.8%) |
2 (6.1%) |
1 (1.4%) |
|
Gram-negative |
45 (42%) |
13 (39.4%) |
32 (43.2%) |
|
Escherichia coli (14) |
23 (21.5%) |
5 (15.2%) |
18 (24.3%) |
|
Other Enterobacteriacae (5) |
7 (6.5%) |
1 (3.05%) |
6 (8.1%) |
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5) |
6 (5.6%) |
3 (9.05%) |
3 (4.1%) |
|
Other (5) |
9 (8.4%) |
4 (12.1%) |
5 (6.7%) |
|
Fungi |
3 (2.8%) |
0 (0%) |
3 (4.1%) |
|
Candida albicans (1) |
1 (1%) |
0 (0%) |
1 (1.4%) |
|
Other (0) |
2 (1.8%) |
0 (0%) |
2 (2.7%) |
|
H1N1 |
1 (1%) |
0 (0%) |
1 (1.4%) |
|
Undocumented |
17 (15.9%) |
3 (9.1%) |
14 (18.9%) |
|
Outcome |
|||
|
Hospital mortality |
22 (20.6%) |
3 (9%) |
19 (25.7%) |
|
|
|||
|
Values are presented as numbers (percentages) of patients unless indicated otherwise. aHIV, solid organ transplant recipients, hematological malignancies, chronic use of more than 30 mg per day prednisone equivalents. APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; CNS, central nervous system; ENT, ear, nose, and throat; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SD, standard deviation; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. |
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|
Que et al. Critical Care 2012 16:R114 doi:10.1186/cc11406 |
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