Table 1 |
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|
Classification of hemorrhage |
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| Class |
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|
|
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| Parameter |
I |
II |
III |
IV |
|
|
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| Blood loss (ml) |
<750 |
750–1500 |
1500–2000 |
>2000 |
| Blood loss (%) |
<15% |
15–30% |
30–40% |
>40% |
| Pulse rate (beats/min) |
<100 |
>100 |
>120 |
>140 |
| Blood pressure |
Normal |
Decreased |
Decreased |
Decreased |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/min) |
14–20 |
20–30 |
30–40 |
>35 |
| Urine output (ml/hour) |
>30 |
20–30 |
5–15 |
Negligible |
| CNS symptoms |
Normal |
Anxious |
Confused |
Lethargic |
|
|
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|
Modified from Committee on Trauma [4]. CNS = central nervous system. |
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|
Gutierrez et al. Critical Care 2004 8:373 doi:10.1186/cc2851 |
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