Research
Prospective evaluation of an internet-linked handheld computer critical care knowledge access system
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* Corresponding author: Stephen E Lapinsky stephen.lapinsky@utoronto.ca
1 Director, Technology Application Unit and Site Director, Intensive Care Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital & Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
2 Director, Human Simulation, Technology Application Unit and Intensive Care Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital & Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
3 Research Coordinator, Technology Application Unit, Intensive Care Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
4 Biostatistician, Intensive Care Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
5 Research Director, Intensive Care Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital & Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
6 ICU Pharmacist, Intensive Care Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
7 Director of Critical Care, Mount Sinai Hospital and University Health Network & Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Critical Care 2004, 8:R414-R421 doi:10.1186/cc2967
Published: 14 October 2004Abstract
Introduction
Critical care physicians may benefit from immediate access to medical reference material. We evaluated the feasibility and potential benefits of a handheld computer based knowledge access system linking a central academic intensive care unit (ICU) to multiple community-based ICUs.
Methods
Four community hospital ICUs with 17 physicians participated in this prospective interventional study. Following training in the use of an internet-linked, updateable handheld computer knowledge access system, the physicians used the handheld devices in their clinical environment for a 12-month intervention period. Feasibility of the system was evaluated by tracking use of the handheld computer and by conducting surveys and focus group discussions. Before and after the intervention period, participants underwent simulated patient care scenarios designed to evaluate the information sources they accessed, as well as the speed and quality of their decision making. Participants generated admission orders during each scenario, which were scored by blinded evaluators.
Results
Ten physicians (59%) used the system regularly, predominantly for nonmedical applications (median 32.8/month, interquartile range [IQR] 28.3–126.8), with medical software accessed less often (median 9/month, IQR 3.7–13.7). Eight out of 13 physicians (62%) who completed the final scenarios chose to use the handheld computer for information access. The median time to access information on the handheld handheld computer was 19 s (IQR 15–40 s). This group exhibited a significant improvement in admission order score as compared with those who used other resources (P = 0.018). Benefits and barriers to use of this technology were identified.
Conclusion
An updateable handheld computer system is feasible as a means of point-of-care access to medical reference material and may improve clinical decision making. However, during the study, acceptance of the system was variable. Improved training and new technology may overcome some of the barriers we identified.