Table 3 |
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|
acid–base patterns observed in humans |
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|
Disorder |
HCO3- (mEq/l) |
PCO2 (mmHg) |
SBE (mEq/l) |
|
|
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|
Metabolic acidosis |
<22 |
= (1.5 × HCO3-) + 8 = 40 + SBE |
<-5 |
|
Metabolic alkalosis |
>26 |
= (0.7 × HCO3-) + 21 = 40 + (0.6 × SBE) |
>+5 |
|
Acute respiratory acidosis |
= ([PCO2 - 40]/10) + 24 |
>45 |
= 0 |
|
Chronic respiratory acidosis |
= ([PCO2 - 40]/3) + 24 |
>45 |
= 0.4 × (PCO2 - 40) |
|
Acute respiratory alkalosis |
= 24 - ([40 - PCO2]/5) |
<35 |
= 0 |
|
Chronic respiratory alkalosis |
= 24 - ([40 - PCO2]/2) |
<35 |
= 0.4 × (PCO2 - 40) |
|
|
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|
Adapted with permission from Kellum [7]. PCO2, partial carbon dioxide tension; SBE, standard base excess. |
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Kellum Critical Care 2005 9:500 doi:10.1186/cc3789 |
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